The development of strong bones begins early in life and requires continuous maintenance throughout life.  The factors essential for healthy bones are:

Hormones - oestrogen and testosterone influence bone density

Lifestyle choices - effect on bone density

Nutrition - essential nutrients necessary for healthy bone development

Vitamin D requirements

Physical activity - helps increase peak bone mass and then maintain it 

Other factors may influence your bone density. For example you may have a specific health condition that impacts on your bone strength:

Who is at risk of osteoporosis - check your status

Risk Groups - managing chronic conditions  

Content updated February 20, 2006